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Krishna Kumar, N. K.
- In silico Docking Studies on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) and Trichogramma cacoeciae Marchal and Implications for Insecticide Detoxification
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Authors
K. P. Dhanya
1,
Madhusmita Panda
1,
S. K. Jalali
1,
N. K. Krishna Kumar
1,
R. Gandhi Gracy
1,
T. Venkatesan
1,
M. Nagesh
1
Affiliations
1 Molecular Entomology Laboratory, National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN
1 Molecular Entomology Laboratory, National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 27, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 1-9Abstract
In silico docking of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP450) of an insect, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and a parasitoid, Trichogramma cacoeciae Marchal was studied with two insecticides, monocrotophos and fenvalerate. The CYP450 sequences of H. armigera (CYP9A12), T. cacoeciae (CYP4G12) and a human microsomal sequence CYP3A4, as positive control were retrieved from NCBI’s GenBank database. The structure, as predicted by SOPMA, of CYP450 in H. armigera contained 78.7% helix and 43.3% sheets, while that of T. cacoeciae contained 60.6% helix and 68.5% sheets. The three-dimensional molecular models of CYP450 of H. armigera and T. cacoeciae indicated that 96.5 and 97.2% residues, respectively, were in the most favored region. The docking studies revealed that the binding energy of H. armigera was -3.50 and -7.65 kcal/mole compared to the binding energy of T. cacoeciae -2.96 and -5.28 kcal/mole for monocrotophos and fenvalerate, respectively, inferring stronger interaction of H. armigera CYP450 with the insecticides and thereby higher potential for resistance in H. armigera.Keywords
Cytochrome P450, Helicoverpa armigera, Trichogramma cacoeciae, In silico Molecular Docking.Full Text
References
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- Classical Biological Control Initiatives for the Impending Invasive Pests of India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects (ICAR), H. A. Farm P.O. Hebbal, Bengaluru - 560 024, Karnataka, IN
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects (ICAR), H. A. Farm P.O. Hebbal, Bengaluru - 560 024, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 26, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 7-30Abstract
Invasive insect pests, diseases and weeds caused extensive damage to several crops in India. Recent insect invasives include Heteropsylla cubana Crawford, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess), Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari), Aleurodicus dispersus Russell, Aceria guerreronis Keifer, Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink and Leptocybe invasa Fisher and La Salle. Classical biological control through the introduction of parasitoids from the native range of the invasives have shown tremendous control of P. marginatus and L. invasa. An assessment was made on the possibilities of invasion by several insect pests and the weeds. The Madeira mealy bug, Phenacoccus madirensis Green; cassava mealy bug, Phenacoccus manihoti Mat.-Ferr.; coconut leaf beetle, Brontispa longissima Gestro; giant whitefly, Aleurodicus dugesii Cockerell; tomato pinworm, Keiferia lycopersicella (Walshingham); eucalyptus leaf gall, Ophelimus maskelli (Ashmead); Quince borer Coryphodema tristis Drury; sunflower maggot, Strauzia longipennis and light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana are to name a few, who pose threat to Indian agriculture. The classical biological control options available for the management of these pests are discussed in case of the invasions.Keywords
Classical Biological Control, Invasive Pests and Quarantine.Full Text
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- Integrated Management of the Yellow Mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks), on Sweet Pepper Grown under Polyhouse
Abstract Views :198 |
PDF Views:123
Authors
Affiliations
1 E.I.D. Parry (India) Ltd., Research and Development Centre, # 145, Devanahalli Road, Off Old Madras Road, Bangalore–560 049, IN
2 Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore - 560 089, Karnataka, IN
1 E.I.D. Parry (India) Ltd., Research and Development Centre, # 145, Devanahalli Road, Off Old Madras Road, Bangalore–560 049, IN
2 Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore - 560 089, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Horticultural Sciences, Vol 1, No 2 (2006), Pagination: 120-123Abstract
Different IPM modules were evaluated for the management of yellow mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) on sweet pepper grown under protected cultivation at the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore. Results indicated that application of module 1(spray of abamectin followed by ethion and abamectin) or module 2 (spray of abamectin followed by profenophos and abamectin) was significantly more effective (3.91-6.58 mites/ leaf) than module 3 (spray of dicofol followed by pongamia oil and neem seed kernal extract (5.79 -6.95 mites/ leaf) in the first two trials (Sept. 2002- Mar. 2003 and June - Dec.2003). IPM modules like module 4 (spray of dicofol followed by release of Amblyseius tetranychivorus and spray of Verticillium lecanii and module 5 (spray of dicofol followed by release of A. tetranychivorus and spray of pongamia oil (9.25-15.53 mites/leaf) were marginally effective during the first two trials. However, in the third trial (Mar. - Sept., 2004) all the revised modules, viz., abamectin followed by dicofol (M1), dicofol-fenazaquin (M2), fenazaquin-pongamia oil (M3) and organic module oxymetrin-neem soap (M4) were effective (2.30-3.03 mites/leaf) against the yellow mite.Keywords
IPM, Polyhouse Cultivation, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Sweet Pepper.Full Text
- Effect of Pheromone Lure-Distance and Direction in Trapping Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guen.) Male Moths
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Central Horticultural Experiment Station (IIHR), P. O. Aiginia, Bhubaneswar-751 001, IN
2 Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore-560 089, IN
3 Division of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 001, IN
1 Central Horticultural Experiment Station (IIHR), P. O. Aiginia, Bhubaneswar-751 001, IN
2 Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore-560 089, IN
3 Division of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 001, IN
Source
Journal of Horticultural Sciences, Vol 2, No 1 (2007), Pagination: 67-70Abstract
An experiment was conducted at Bhubaneshwar, Orissa, to study the presence of male Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (BSFB) outside cropping area and the effect of wind direction on male BSFB trap catches. Water traps with 4 mg of synthetic BSFB pheromone lure in rubber septa were placed at 0, 50, 100, 150 and 350 m away from a brinjal field in all four directions i.e., North, South, East and West. Water level in the traps was maintained constant and lures were changed at 20 days interval. Count of BSFB trapped males and record of wind direction was made every 24 h for 61 days. Results indicated that the number of male BSFB moths in distantly located traps (350 m from the brinjal field) was at par with the numbers observed in traps placed in the main brinjal field. Traps located at 50 and 100 m from brinjal field attracted less male BSFB moths than those at 0, 150 and 350 m indicating the feasibility of trapping male BSFB moths even in non-brinjal area. Trap direction did not significantly influence trap catch. Nearly 60% of BSFB male moths were observed in traps placed against direction of the wind.Keywords
Leucinodes orbonalis, Pheromone, Trap Distance, Wind Direction.Full Text
- Pheromone Trapping Protocols for Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): Evaluation of Trap Design, Quantity and Dispenser
Abstract Views :185 |
PDF Views:119
Authors
N. K. Krishna Kumar
1,
B. Krishna Kumari
2,
H. S. Singh
3,
H. R. Ranganath
1,
B. Shivakumara
1,
C. M. Kalleshwaraswamy
1
Affiliations
1 Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore-560 089, IN
2 Organic Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad- 500 007, IN
3 Central Horticultural Experiment Station (IIHR), Bhubaneswar-751 019, IN
1 Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore-560 089, IN
2 Organic Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad- 500 007, IN
3 Central Horticultural Experiment Station (IIHR), Bhubaneswar-751 019, IN
Source
Journal of Horticultural Sciences, Vol 1, No 1 (2006), Pagination: 39-43Abstract
Studies were conducted at the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, and Central Horticultural Experiment Station, Bhubaneshwar, India, to evaluate trap design, quantity of pheromone loading and dispensers for attracting brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) using indigenously synthesized pheromone lure [synthesized by Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad], during 2003 and 2004. A water trap consisting of plastic container (20 cm dia. and 7.5 cm depth) with a facility to place the pheromone septum was designed. Pheromone load of 4 mg in both water trap and Pest Control India (PCI®) delta trap was observed to catch higher number of male moths compared to dispensers with lesser loading. When trap designs were compared, water trap with pheromone lure was observed to attract higher number of males than Pest Control India (PCI®) delta trap. Among the different pheromone dispensers tested, rubber septum was superior to plastic vial or plastic septum. Rubber septum supplied by Bio Pest Management® captured significantly higher number of moths compared to rubber and plastic septum supplied by difTerent firms. A comparison of IICT synthesized lures along with some commercially available lures indicated that Bio Pest Management® lure dispensed in rubber outperformed PCI® and IICT lures.Keywords
Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis, Pheromone Traps and Lures.Full Text
- Thrips Species Composition on Grapes in Karnataka and Maharashtra
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PDF Views:131
Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore -560 089, IN
1 Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore -560 089, IN
Source
Journal of Horticultural Sciences, Vol 3, No 2 (2008), Pagination: 172-175Abstract
A survey was undertaken to document species composition of thrips on grape foliage, inflorescence and different stages of berry development such as mustard size (2 mm), sorghum size (4 mm), pea size (8 mm) and beyond pea size (> 8 mm) berries at Bijapur in Karnataka and Sangli in Maharashtra during January 2005 to January 2006. Cultivars sampled were Thomson Seedless, Sonaka, Sharad Seedless, Tas-A-Ganesh, 2A and B5 clones of Thomson seedless. Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood constituted over 90% of total thrips sampled from new flushes, inflorescence and berries in different stages during January, February, March and December 2005 at Bijapur followed by Thrips palmi Karny (1- 4.3%); Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan) a hitherto unknown thrips species on grape dominated inflorescence (98.0%) on cv. Sonaka during December 2005 in the same area. Similar trend was observed in the vineyards of Sangli. Number of thrips, which was more on inflorescence declined as the berry matured. Least number of thrips was observed on berries > pea size. As recorded in Bijapur, T. hawaiiensis was dominant species on inflorescence of 2A (98.6%) and B5 (99.4%) clones of Thompson seedless. In other cultivars S. dorsalis was dominant that formed 92.8 -100% of total thrips collected. Thrips palmi constituted 0.8-1.7% of thrips collected from different parts of grape vine. Other unidentified thrips constituted 0.9-7.2%.Keywords
Inflorescence, Scirtothrips dorsalis, Thrips hawaiiensis, Grapevine.Full Text
- Conservation of India’s Agrobiodiversity Towards Increasing Food, Nutritional and Livelihood Security
Abstract Views :243 |
PDF Views:79
Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Biodiversity Policy and Law, National Biodiversity Authority, Chennai 600 113, IN
2 Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751 023, IN
3 Bioversity International, New Delhi 110 012, IN
1 Centre for Biodiversity Policy and Law, National Biodiversity Authority, Chennai 600 113, IN
2 Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751 023, IN
3 Bioversity International, New Delhi 110 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 119, No 4 (2020), Pagination: 607-612Abstract
India is rich in agrobiodiversity and considered to be one of the centres of origin of food crops, oilseed crops, horticultural crops, spices and medicinal plants. Biodiversity and agriculture are strongly interrelated, and the country has around 811 cultivated plants and 186 breeds of livestock and poultry. Some of the challenges India is facing in terms of loss of agrobiodiversity include: chemical-intensified agricultural farming and increasing replacement of locally adopted and traditionally grown cultivars by high-yielding modern varieties, soil degradation, fragmentation, excessive tillage, inappropriate crop rotation, water scarcity, post-harvest losses, natural disasters and climate change impacts. The objective of the present study is to increase agrobiodiversity of India by conserving the landraces, wild varieties, folk varieties, cultivars, domesticated stocks and breeds. To undertake this study, a policy analysis of various schemes, missions and programmes of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare, Government of India was carried out and recommendations were put forth towards promoting ecologically intensified agricultural farming practices by integrating ecological principles.Keywords
Agrobiodiversity, Conservation, Genetic Resources, Nutritional and Livelihood Security.Full Text